初中英语知识归纳总结16 宾语从句

知识概述

宾语从句就是一个句子中另一个主句中作宾语，即宾语从句是用句子作宾语。宾语从句的位置与陈述句结构中的宾语相同，它可作及物动词或介词的宾语。常用的连词有that, if, whether, what, which, who, whom, when, where, how, why等。

教学重点

1、宾语从句的结构

(1) 由that引导的宾语从句

that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接主句和从句的作用。that不用翻译出来，在口语中常常省略，这种宾语从句常是陈述句。

The trouble is that we are short of money.

(2) 由连词“if”或“whether”引导。

Whether或if在句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，但不能省略。翻译为“是否”。

Do you know if Mr Smith is at home?

(3) 由连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what或连接副词when, where, how, why等引导。连接代词或连接副词位于从句的前面，起连接主句和从句的作用，从句用陈述句语序。

Do you know who broke the window?

I don’t know when I shall finish.

I wonder if the news is true.

(4) 在某些形容词之后的从句有时也被看作宾语从句。如afraid, sure, sorry, glad, worried, aware, confident, angry等。

They were angry that they had lost the chance.

Can you tell me where the library is?

I’m sorry that I’m late.

2、宾语从句的时态一致

(1) 主句是过去时，宾语从句要用过去时态；主句是现在时或将来时，宾语从句则该用什么时态就用什么时态。

He told me that it would rain tomorrow.

No one knows if he will come at all.